The pinnacles at Crater Lake National Park were formed 7,700 years ago when Mount Mazama (on the crest of the Cascade Range in southern Oregon) erupted violently emitting layer upon layer of volcanic pumice. As the surface cooled, steam and gases from hot rocks underneath were released through vents and tubes which became cement hard over time. Erosion of softer materials around the vents has exposed the needle-like formations called fossil fumaroles.

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